Among an array of standards for mobile television, the FLO Forum had a presence at the NAB Show this week promoting Forward Link Only (FLO) as the standard of choice to expedite the mobile TV market. A body of more than 90 wireless companies added Media Excel to its roster, as well as announced that its Open Conditional Access (CA) Framework would be used by Irdeto, Nagravision and NDS to integrate their solutions with MediaFLO. As the mobile TV market continues to attract a lot of attention at the conference, Kamil Grajski, VP of engineering for QUALCOMM and president of FLO Forum, spoke with Telephony associate news editor Sarah Reedy about what the FLO Forum sees as the three biggest trends in mobile TV today.

“We are living in a multistandard world.”

In the mobile broadcast space, it’s a fact of life that the world has a multiplicity of published standards and commercially launched mobile TV standards. You might think that it is an impossible situation, or that there should be efforts to eliminate some technologies by mandate, but the industry has embraced or responded to multiple standards by adopting multimodal product strategies. QUALCOMM has chips that do three standards.

Purely from the manufacturing side, the drive for multimodal chips comes from a desire to have more efficient manufacturing and supply chains. You don’t get economies of scale by declaring one technology the standard for the region…Do one design once with the guts the same but the skins different for a global hardware platform approach. You don’t want to have three different versions of the platform, just one chip.

People need economies of scale because one technology is exclusive to a region. Because it’s a global market, you can get economies of scale through efficient manufacturing of multimodal products. It is the next generation of economies of scale.

The global marketplace is hugely complicated, and it’s no longer the case that any single company can bring dramatically new technology to the market alone. It is all about creating ecosystems and published, open standards.

We are each absolutely dedicated to the success of mobile TV and broadcast. FLO represents the next generation of mobile TV technologies. These others are all adaptations that have to be backward-compatible with existing standards. It’s like going into a fight with one hand tied behind your back. Technologies like FLO were designed for mobility from the get go. That doesn’t mean that one is better or worse. You have to adapt the technology to your business.

“Mobile broadcast rollouts are being paced by the digital divide.”

[The digital divide] refers to the spectrum that is made available once the analog broadcasters shift to digital. They needed this much spectrum to deliver all the content you see on broadcast today, but now they need [less]. What do you do with all the leftover spectrum? In the United States, we are quite far along in this transition away from analog to digital. That process of deciding what to do with the extra spectrum started in the late ’80s. It has been a 20-year process. Using auction-based approaches allowed Channel 55 to come up for option, which is what MediaFLO broadcasts on today. Every region around the planet has some kind of transition from analog to digital taking place. Should we leave it with the current broadcasters, or let new players like Verizon and Vodafone use the spectrum for mobile broadband? What is happening around the world is a wrestling with the digital divide.

The FLO Forum is part of the discussion encouraging regulators globally — we talk a lot about principals of technology and neutrality — to let the market decide what technologies should be used. Technology neutrality means you have competition and innovation. Once someone is given a monopoly, their incentive to innovate and introduce lower prices is reduced. Regulators are not able to respond quickly enough to market opportunities, where the market itself can. By having technology neutrality, you allow some local broadcasters to decide if they want FLO and DVB-H. They shouldn’t be blocked from that. In terms of setting expectations of market, it is the progress around the digital divide that will pass the overall adoption of mobile TV, broadcast and other services. They can’t do it without the spectrum.

“Mobile TV is just one of many services that new mobile broadcast technologies enable.”

It is not just mobile TV. The reality is that technologies like FLO are a broadcast technology. It is not like when you use your wireless data card with a laptop, and it’s a one-to-one connection (unicast). Broadcast means one to many. If you separate mobile TV and think of it is a service, broadcast technologies are very low-cost. You build the network once, and it doesn’t matter how many subscribers you have. As you add people, you have to keep adding infrastructure; 3G becomes very profitable once you get a certain number of subscribers.

A good example is Yahoo.com. Every time you look at it, it is a little different. Well, mobile network operators and maybe local broadcasters in the United States would like to provide something similar on the phone. There is a lot of IP data pushed to your phone, so how could you do that cost effectively? If you had an IP data streaming service, you could do [customized home pages]. There are a lot of ways to do that. Super-geeks could configure and personalize every item, or they could sell a preset, “I’m a young busy urban professional” profile they subscribe to. Set an application that filters things to you. It is a low-cost technology, and the filtering is done at the edge of the network.

Now you have, as of March, (Verizon that is launched; AT&T that will launch) three of the top five handset makers making FLO-enabled mobile phones. It is important to keep the proper perspective. The wireless industry as a whole took 20 years to grow a billion subscribers. It won’t take that long to get 1 billion mobile TV subscribers.